Knee Arthroscopy Surgery

Knee arthroscopy is one of the most important and necessary procedures when there is a problem inside the knee joint. The need for this procedure requires a very small surgical incision through which the arthroscope is inserted. It also requires suitable anesthesia to complete the operation.

The arthroscope contains a fine lens connected to a camera, allowing the orthopedic surgeon to examine the knee in great detail and diagnose the problem accurately. In many cases, the procedure also allows immediate treatment using special medical instruments inserted through the same tiny incisions.

Indications for Knee Arthroscopy

There are several reasons why the best orthopedic doctor in Cairo Egypt may recommend arthroscopic knee surgery. This minimally invasive operation is usually indicated when conservative treatment such as medication, physiotherapy, or non-surgical approaches fail to provide results. The most common indications include:

  • Precise diagnosis and treatment of knee inflammations.

  • Repairing or replacing the meniscus (cartilage) if damaged.

  • Removing torn or excess cartilage that interferes with joint function.

  • Treating anterior or posterior cruciate ligament tears.

  • Removing synovial fluid buildup or inflamed tissues inside the knee.

  • Correcting problems affecting the patella (kneecap) that cause pain and limited mobility.

  • Removing loose bone fragments or cartilage caused by injury or accidents.

  • Treating joint ulcers using microfracture, thermal ablation, or cartilage transplantation.

  • Fixing certain types of knee fractures with minimally invasive techniques.

Main Steps of Knee Arthroscopy

The procedure follows clear steps under sterile surgical conditions:

  1. The patient receives the most suitable anesthesia (local, spinal, or general).

  2. The surgical area is cleaned and sterilized.

  3. The orthopedic surgeon makes a few very small incisions in the front of the knee.

  4. The arthroscope is inserted to allow a clear and magnified view of the inside of the knee joint.

  5. Through the remaining incisions, special surgical tools are introduced to repair, remove, or reconstruct damaged tissues.

  6. After completing the intervention, the instruments are removed, the incisions are closed, and elastic dressings are applied.

Recovery After Knee Arthroscopy

After the operation is successfully completed by a specialized orthopedic doctor, the patient can usually leave the hospital the same day if the condition is not severe. A follow-up visit is scheduled within a few days to check healing and remove stitches if necessary.

Immediately after surgery, patients are given painkillers and suitable antibiotics. Doctors also emphasize the importance of reporting any unusual symptoms such as sudden numbness, fever, or persistent severe pain.

Most patients notice a significant reduction in symptoms and improvement in knee function. However, it is essential not to rush back into normal activities. Simple walking is usually allowed first, avoiding any sudden or heavy movements.

Possible Side Effects of Knee Arthroscopy

Although the procedure is considered safe and minimally invasive, some side effects may occur. These are generally rare but should be monitored:

  • Temporary swelling or stiffness in the knee.

  • Bruising, mild inflammation, and discomfort that improve gradually.

  • Infection of the joint, which may present with fever, chills, or severe inflammation.

  • Blood clots forming in knee veins, leading to pain and visible swelling.

  • Rare cases of internal bleeding, presenting as persistent pain and unusual swelling.

  • Damage to surrounding nerves, causing numbness or tingling around the knee.

If any of these complications appear, patients should immediately seek medical advice from their doctor.

Post-Surgery Care and Recommendations

To ensure a smooth and fast recovery, orthopedic specialists recommend the following after knee arthroscopy:

  • Use crutches for support when walking until the knee regains strength.

  • Apply ice packs regularly to reduce swelling and relieve pain.

  • Rest as much as possible during the first few days after surgery.

  • Keep the operated leg slightly elevated on a pillow to improve circulation.

  • Take prescribed painkillers only when necessary, and never exceed the recommended dose.

  • Keep the wound clean, dry, and covered with sterile dressings to prevent infection.

Success Rate of Knee Arthroscopy

Knee arthroscopy has a very high success rate, often exceeding 90%. The procedure significantly improves knee function, reduces pain, and restores mobility.

With proper rehabilitation and physical therapy, patients can return to their normal activities and sports routines without limitations. The key lies in solving the root problem—whether it is a torn ligament, damaged cartilage, or joint inflammation.

Duration of Knee Arthroscopy

The time required for the procedure depends on the complexity of the case and the patient’s health condition. However, in most cases, the surgery takes between 60 and 120 minutes.

When Can You Walk After Knee Arthroscopy?

Many patients wonder when they can walk again after this type of surgery. In most cases, patients are able to walk within a short time, often the same day. However, they need to use crutches for about 10 days to avoid putting full pressure on the knee too soon.

Physical therapy sessions usually begin shortly after the operation, helping the knee recover faster. With proper guidance from the best orthopedic doctor in Cairo Egypt, patients often return to normal walking and daily activities within weeks.